Automatic hydraulic press



. A i 7,-9 Sheets-I-Se'et 1. G.'A. .LAWRENCE '8v J. FROST.

(No Model.)

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULG PRESS.

Patented Mar. 21,1882.

No.V 255.300.

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(No Model.)

10.255.300 Y Patented Mai. 21.1882.

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AUTOMTIG HYDRAULIC PRESS.

No. 255,300. Patented Ma.1.21,18 82.

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(No Model.) y 9 sheets-sheet 5. G. A. LAWRENCE 8v E. J. FROST.

AUTOMATIG HYDRAULIG PRESS.

No. 255,300. A Y PatentedMar. 21,1882.

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AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIG PRESS. 4 No. 255,300. Patented Mar. 21,1882.

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.IIIII/ (N0 Model.) 9 Sheets-Sheet 7.

G. A. LAWRENCE & E. J. FROST.

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC PRESS. 255,300. Patented Mar. 21.1882.

N. PETERS4 Piwmimwgnpher. wnhingwn, DA C4 9 Sheets-Sheet 8..

(No Model.) A '1 .Gn A. LAWRENCE 8u E. J. FROST.l

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC PRESS. No. 255,300. Patented Mar. 21,1882.

M NESSES I v l'vwenmfsj I 7 Harney (No Model.) 9 sheetssneer 9. G. A.LAWRENCE & E. J. FROST.-

AUTOMATIG HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Patented Mar. 21', 18 8 2.

@Y /M 7a4' Atm/my UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE AQLAWRENOE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND EDWARD J. FROST, OF

' PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

AUTMATIC HYDRAULIC PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,300, dated March21, 1882,

l Application tiled October l5, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: opposite point of view, and Fig. 13 is a topBeit know11thatwe,GEORGE A.LAWRENCE,/ view ot' the same. Fig. 14 is adetached perresiding at New York, in the county ot' New spective viewot' the latch for holding the plat- York and State of New York, andEDWARD J. form in position. 55 5 FROST, residing at Philadelphia, in thecounty The letter A indicates a heavy' metallic base, of Philadelphia,State of Pennsylvania, citiupon which stand pillars A', supporting atzens ot' the United States, have invented cerproper height a massivemetallic head-piece, tain new and useful Improvements in Auto- B,directly above the base. This head-pieceB matic HydrauliPresses; and wedo declare is recessed i'rom its under side to form a part 6o 1o thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact deot' the cylinderin whichplays theplungerG C', scription ofthe invention, such as will enable thecylinder being completed by a casing, D, others skilled in the art towhich it appertains lirmly secured to the under side of the headto makeand use the same, reference being had piece, and having a borecoincident with the to the accompanying drawings, and to the letrecessin saidl headpiece. The upper portion 65 I5 ters and figures ot'reference marked thereon, of the plunger lits snugly in the cylinder;but

which form a part of this specification... its lower portion, C', is ofconsiderably less di- The object of this invent-ion is to provide aameter, so as to form a shoulder, c, and this re' continuously-operatingapparatus .involving duced portion ot' the plunger plays through an theprinciple of the hydraulic press, and aropening in the lower end of thecasing D and 7o 2o ranged to act upon any suitable material,propoperates upon the ore to be crushed.

er quantities ot' which are successively and au- The letter E denotes apipe, which connects tomatically presented to the ram or plunger, with avalve chamber, E', arranged on the top and after its action removedsimultaneously ot' the head-piece B, and from this chambera withthepresentation of another quantity. We passage, e, leads into the upperend ofthe cyl- 75 25 have in view especially' the adaptation of anyinder above the plunger. From the pipe E a apparatus of this kind to thepurpose of crushbranch pipe, F, leads to a valve-chamber, F', ing ores;but it may also, with suitablg modi- (see Fig. 4,) opening into thecasing D below tications, be applied to other purposes. the shouldercofthe plunger. The valve-cham- In the accompanying drawings, Figure l isbers E'and F'areprovided withsuitablevalves, 8o 3o an elevation of anapparatus constructed acby which the tiowot' watertherethrough isconcording to our invention. Fig. 2 is another cletrolled, as will behereinafter more particularly vation, viewed at right angles to Fig. l,the described. top portionsoftheaccumulawr-cylindersbeing The pipe E maybe connected at its outer removed. Fig. 3 showsthe top portions oftheend to any suitable hydraulic pump, by which 85 5 accumulator-cylindersand connecting-pipe. water may be forced through it, and said pipe Fig.4 is au elevation viewed t'rom a point diis also connected by means otbranchesf(see rectly opposite the point of view in Fig. 1. Fig. Fig. 2)with the vertical accumulating-cylin- 5 is a top view of the apparatus.Fig. 6 is asecders G and G', arranged alongside the appaf tion on linerv .c of Fig. l, and shows also a top ratus. 9o 4o view of the devicesfor rotating the platform. H, Figs. 2 and 4, is a valve chamber pro-Fig. 7 shows avertical diametric section ofthe vided with a suitablecontrolling-valve, and revolving mortar, its impelling-lever and pawlconnected by a suitable passage leading being shown in full lines. Fig.8 is a vertical through the head-piece with the upper end ot' diametriesection of the plunger and eylin-de'r, the cylinder above the plunger.rFhis valve- 95 45 a portion ofthe surrounding head-piece being chamberis also connected by a pipe, H', with broken away. Fig.l 9 is a rearview of the atank, l, and said pipe H' is connected by a mechanism forcommunicating partial rotabranch pipe, h, with a valve-chamber, K,attions to the mortar. Fig. lOs a side elevation tached to the casing D,and communicating of said mechanism. Fig. 11 is an elevation oftherewith below the shoulder c of the plunger. too 5o the modifica-tionofthe hydraulic press. Fig. The letter L indicates a safety-Valve, ar-

12 is an elevation of the same from a directlyranged in the ordinarymanner to relieve the casing D of over-pressure, and connected with aneduction-pipe, Z, which may lead oft' to any suitable point ofdischarge, preferably to the tank I, as shown.

Between one side of the upper siii-face of the baseA and the under sideof the head-pieceB is secured a vertical cylindrical post, M. Gentrallyupon the lower portion of this post M is pivoted a horizontal circularrevolving plat- 'orm,N, about lialfof which lies directly above the baseA, while the other portion extends outwardly beyond said base, asclearly shown in- Fig. 2.

Around and above the central opening of the platform is preferablyformed a sleeve, n2, which embraces the post. An annular downwardprojection, n, surrounds the post and plays upon a circular bearing,n.4, at the foot thereof. This platform N is provided with twoconcentric annular walls, n and u', the former of whicii extendsupwardly from its outer edge, while the latter is arranged inwardly at adistance from the wall a about equal to the diameter ofthe lowerportion, C', of the plunger, the two walls and the portion of theplatform between them forming an annular mortar or ore-holder, intowhich the plunger plays.

Upon the top ofthe base A, on the opposite side tliereoffroiii the postM, is arranged a stout standard, O, at the top ot' which is pivoted apendent lever, P, having a slot, p, iiearits npper end. At about or alittle above the middle ofthe standardO a short shaft, Q, is `journaledin a horizontal bearing formed in said standard. Upon the end ot' saidshort shaft, next to the lower portion, C', of the plunger, is fixed aradial arm, q, and at about a right angle to this arm and upon theopposite end of the shat't is fixed a similar arm, q. The arm 1 has aslot, q2, formed near its outer end, and through this slot a pin, q,projects from the lower portion, C', ofthe plunger, said pin being at adistance from the lower end of the plunger a little greater than thedepth ofthe mortar. From a point near the outer end of the arm q a pin,Q4, projects into the slotp in thelever P.

To the lower end of the lcverPa pitmaii, R, has one end connected bymeans ot' a ball-joint, and the other end of said pitinaii is connectedby a similarjoint to the outer cnd of an arm, S, which lies under theplatform N, and has its iiiiiei end pvoted to the circular bearing n4.The outerend of the arm S has an upward projeetion, s, to which is fixeda short arm, S',

which extends inwardly above said arm, and its tip enters a grooveformed in the periphery of the platform.

Between the arm S and the short arm S is pivotcd a friction orjam pawl,T, the foot of which is forced against the periphery of the platform bya spring, t, when the arm S is moved toward the standard, but slidesfreely on the same when it moves in the opposite direction.

It will now be readily understood that when theplungerrises the arm qwill be raisedand the arm g thrown backward, swinging the lever l? inthe saine direction, and said lever will draw the pitinan R and arm S inthe direction indica-ted by the arrow No. 1. By this movenient of thearm S the pawlT is jammed against the periphery of the platform andcauses said platform to tnrii and bring a fresh portion nnder theplunger. When the plunger descends the reverse movement of the partsdescribed takes place, and the pawl slips freely, leaving the platformin the position to which it had moved it.

Under that portion of the platform N which is under the plunger there isa raised portion, A2, of the base A, upon which the platform slides,this raised portion serving to support the platform as the plungerdescends and crushes the ore. A horizontal shaft, T7, has its bearingsin suitable standards on top ofthe head-piece B. This shaft carries fourcams, T 'I2 T3 T4. The first cam, T', has resting upon its periphery apin projecting from a level', U, pivoted at u to a short shaft having acrankarm, u', connected with and arranged to oper ate tie valve-stem e',which is connected to a valve in the chamber E. The cam T2 has restingupon its periphery a pin projecting from a lever, V, pivoted a-t c2 to astud, e', and having a bent arm, t', connected to and arranged tooperate the valve-stein It', connected with a valve in the valve-chamberH. The cam T3 is arranged in a-siinilaiinaniier to control, through alever, Vf, link V2, and bell-crank rlever-V, the valve in valve-chamberK; and the cani T4, through similar connections, controls the valve invalve-chamber F. All of these valve-operating connections niay of coursebe variously modified, it being only essential that they bc arranged iiiconnection with the cams to operate the valves, as hereinafterexplained.

The power is applied to thc bclt-wlieel 'l"7 on shaft Il by means of abelt leading from any suitable motor, and the operation ot' theapparatus is as follows: First of all, by means of a hydraulic pumpconnected to the pipe E, water is drawn from the tank I and forced intothe accumulatorsG and G through the branch pipesf, and this water,rising in the accumulators, compresses the'air in the upper part thereofuniil ithas reached thedesired tension, a safety-valve, L, allowing thewater to tlow back to the tank without increasing the pressure, and alsoallowing the puni'p to work constantly. We will now suppose the plungerC to be in its elevated position, and that the annularmortarcrore-hopper has previously been filled with ore. Power being applied tothe belt-wheel T5, and motion being communicated to shaft T7, the camsT2 and T3 operate through their connections, as heretofore described, toopen the valves in valve-chambers K and H, so that/the water in thecasing l) escapes through the branch pipe hI to the pipe H and tank l,and at the sanietime,owing to the suction occasioned by the descendingplunger IlO IIS

through the valve-chamber H, water ascends from the tank I through theppe H' and fills the upper part ot' the cylinder. When the lower part ofthe plunger has entered the mortar which is under it the cam T2 closesthis valve in chamber H, and the cam T' acts upon the lever U to openthe valve in the valvecharnber E', and the pressure of air in the upperportion of the accumulators then forces the water therein through thebranch pipes f, pipe E, and passage e into the cylinder above theplunger, forcing said plunger downward with sufficient force. to crushthe ore in the mortar beneath. The downward stroke of the plunger beingcompleted, the cam T' acts to close the valve in chamber-E', and the camT2opens the valve in chamber H, and simultaneously the valve in chamberK is also closed and the valve in chamber F' opened by the action of thecams and connections controlling said valves, as heretofore described.The pressure ofthe air on the water in the accumulatcrs now, instead ofbeing exerted through the passage e, is exerted through the branch pipeF, and the water is forcedinto the casing D uuder the shoulder c of theplunger, and the water above said plunger` escapes through thevalve-chamber H and pipe H' to the tank I, so that theplunger isforcedupward after having accomplished its Work of crushing the ore in thatportion of the mortar which was in po sition to receive it. As soon asthe plunger rises sufficiently the arm q begins to rise also, the arm qacts upon the lever P, and said arm operates the pitman R, arm S, andpawl T to drag the platform through a partial rotation to present freshore under the plunger. When said platform has performed a partialrevolution and brought a fresh portion of ore under the plunger theoperations before described again take place for causing the descent ofthe plunger and crushingthe ore. The entire operation of the apparatus,it will be seen, is automatic, the only personal attendance requiredbeing to till the mortar with fresh ore and remove that which has beencrushed.

It will be necessary to operate the hydraulic pump connected with thepipe E constantly to re-enforce the tension ofthe air in theaccumulators.

ln the modifications shown in Figs. 11,12, and 13 a number of separatemortars Vfor holding the ore are used upon the platform, and a.different mechanism from that previously described is used for shiftingthe platform in order to bring the mortars successively in properposition under the plungers. In one side of the upper surface of thebase A is stepped a vertical shaft, M', having an upper bearing, m', onthe under side of the head-piece B. Centrally upon the lower portion ofthis shaft is firmly secured a circular platform, N', somewhat more thanhalf of which lies directly above the base A and rotates in slidingcontact therewith, while the other portion extends outwardly beyond thebase, as shown in the top view, Fig. 13. This platform is provided withthree seats, r, arranged at equal distances apart about its center, andformed to receive three strong receptacles or mortars, N3, of a propersize to receive the lower end of the plunger, and which may be broughtin proper position successively to receive said plunger by the rotationof the platform. Near its upper end the shaft 1M-carries a bevel-gearwheel, M2, which meshes with a bevel-pinion, y, 011 the end of ahorizontal shaft, Y, mounted in suitable bearings, y' and q2, the formerof which projects from the casing D and the latter depends from thehead-piece. The outer end of the shaft Y carries a belt-wheel, Y', tothe inner side of which is concentrically secured beltpulley Y2. Thisbelt wheel and pulley will run loose upon the shaft Y, except whenbrought into engagement therewith by means of a clutch, Z, operated by alever, w', secured to a shaft, rc2, arranged obliquely Linder theheadpiece andjournaled in a hanger, x3, and in a lng depending from thebearing of the shaft Y. From this shaft x2 projects an arm, x4, .theouter end of which is connected by a link, Q2, with'a. bell-crank lever,Q3, pivoted between suitable lugs projecting upward from the base A. Thedownwardly-projecting arm g5 of this bell crank lever (shown in dottedlines, Fig. 12) is connected with a latch-bar, R2, playing in a suitableguide ou the base A, and maybe forced inwardly by means of a spring. Theinner end of this latch-bar is arranged to enter suitable notches in theperiphery of the platform N' and hold said platform steady while theplunger is desccndinginto one of the mortars.

To the end ofthe shaft x2 is secured an arm, 005, which is connected bya link, with the outer end of a lever, wi, which is pivoted to a stud ontop of the head-pieccB, and has its inner end provided with a pin, w8,which lies across the edge of a cam, Tf", fixed upon the shaft T7. Thebelt S3, passing around the beltpulley Y2, as shown in dotted lines,Fig. 12, passes also around the belt-wheel T5, the shaft of whichcarries the cams, as heretofore described, for operating the valves, andalso the cam Ts. These cams are all of a similar shape to the cam T',(shown clearly in Fig. 2,)-that is, each comprises the greater portionof a disk having a curved indentation extending about half-way to itscenter. In this modification the motive power is applied to thebelt-wheel Y' ICO IIO

IIS

IZO

by means of a belt from a suitable motor, and

ISO

purpose) acts upon its connections to turn the shaft .r2 in the.direction of the arrow, thereby moving the lever .r to clutch thebelt-wheel Y', pnlleyY2, and shaft Y, and simultaneously the risingofthe arm x4 operates through thelink Q2 and bell-crank lever Q3 towithdraw the latch-bar R2 from the notch in the periphery of theplatform with which it was previously engaged. The shaft Y is now causedto rotate and to communicate motion through the bevelgears to thevertical shaft M and platform N. When said platform has performedone-third of a revolution and brought afresh mortar under the plunger(said mortar having been previously filled with ore to be crushed) thecam TG again operates through its intermediate eonnections to operatethe clutch to disengage the belt-wheel and the pulley Y2 from the shaftY, and allow thel latch R2 to enter a notch in the periphery of theplatform. At this point the caws T2 and T3 operate through theirconnections, as heretofore described, and the action ofthe valves againcommences forforcing down the plunger and afterward raising it.

Having nov: described our invention, and explained the operationthereof, we claim- 1. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with asuitably-arranged plunger and a platform having movement in a plane inthe path oftheplungerand atar-ight angle thereto,ofautomatically-operating valves t'or causing reciprocation ot' saidplunger, and automatic devices for giving said platform an intermittentmotion to bring fresh portions thereofsuccessively directly inline withsaid plunger, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the plunger of a hydraulic press, arrangedsubstantially as described, of a` platform having movement in a plane inthe path of the plunger and at right angles thereto, and automaticmechanism for shifting said platform to bring fresh portions thereof inline with said plunger, and leave the same temporarily at rest while theplunger is performing its outward stroke.

3. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with the plunger and cylinderand the valves and water-pressure apparatus, constructed andarrangedsubstantially as described,ofthe cams arranged to operate saidvalves, the platform provided with means for holding ore, and automaticmechanism for giving said platform an intermittent motion correlativewith the. action of said cams to bring and retain fresh portions oftheore successively into position to receive the plunger, substantially asdescribed.

4. The hydraulic press composed ofthe cylinder provided with theshouldered plunger, the pipes leading into said cylinder above and belowthe shoulder of the plunger and coiltrolled by suitable valves, thewater-pressure apparatus connected with said pipes, the rotary platformcarrying one or more mortars, the shaft T7, carrying the series of camsfor operating said valves through intermediate mechanism, and suitabledevicesconnected with the plunger for comm unicatingintermittent rotarymotion to the platform, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the plunger and rotary platform, of thesuitably connected and supported arms q and q', the lever I, pitman R,arm S', and pawl T, substantially as dcscribed.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

GEORGE A. LAWRENCE. EDWARD J. FROST.

Witnesses:

ROBERT N. SIMPERS, J Anus WILSON.

